Which finding on examination is commonly associated with a hip fracture?

• A. Leg lengthened and internally rotated
• B. Shortened and externally rotated leg
• C. Numbness of fingers
• D. Swelling of the calf

Answer: (B)

A hip fracture usually makes the leg appear shortened and turned outward. When the femoral neck or intertrochanteric region breaks, the limb loses its normal alignment and the muscles around the hip pull the leg into external rotation, so the foot points outward and the limb seems shorter. This position and loss of support are classic signs and help distinguish a hip fracture from other injuries. Swelling in the calf or numbness of fingers point to other problems, and a leg that’s lengthened or internally rotated doesn’t fit the typical fracture pattern.